Estrada-Carmona, N and Carmenta, R and Reed, J and Betemariam, E and DeClerck, F and Falk, T and Hart, A K and Jones, S K and Kleinschroth, F and McCartney, M and Meinzen-Dick, R and Milder, J and Quintero, M and Remans, R and Valbuena, D and Willemen, L and Zanzanaini, C and Zhang, W (2024) Reconciling conservation and development requires enhanced integration and broader aims: A cross-continental assessment of landscape approaches. One Earth, 7 (10). pp. 1858-1873. ISSN 2590-3330
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Abstract
Expectations for agricultural landscapes in subtropical and tropical regions are high, aiming for conservation and development amid climate change, unfair trade, poverty, and environmental degradation. Landscape approaches (LAs) are gaining momentum as means to reconcile expectations, although they face multiple challenges, including unclear distinctions among LAs and stakeholder involvement. We studied 380 LAs from three continents via questionnaires with landscape managers (2012–2015 and 2021) and identified three LA types through cluster analysis: an “integrated” type with longer-term, multisectoral goals involving various stakeholders early in the design and two shorter-term types focused on sectoral priorities of preservation or production. Better-performing LAs are associated with longevity, inclusivity, and diversified investments across goals, notably those enabling social justice. International stakeholder analysis shows broad support for LAs but identifies gaps between support and LAs’ needs. The growing interest in LAs is promising. Yet, underpinning effective and lasting LAs that reconcile multiple expectations requires better support.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Research Program : Innovation Systems for the Drylands (ISD) |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | socio-ecological systems, sustainable development goals, agricultural landscapes, multifunctional landscapes, agroecological landscapes, conservation, biocultural landscapes, climate change, tropical forests, governance |
| Subjects: | Others > Sustainable Agriculture Others > Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics Others > Climate Change |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jul 2025 11:04 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2025 11:04 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/13233 |
| Official URL: | https://www.cell.com/one-earth/fulltext/S2590-3322... |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Acknowledgement: | We are grateful to all survey respondents for taking the time to characterize their landscape through a lengthy questionnaire. We thank Claudia Ringler, Leigh Ann Winowiecki, Pay Drechsel, and Yodit Kebede for insights during the inception of the project. We thank EcoAgriculture Partners and the Landscapes for People, Food, and Nature Initiative, who funded the regional assessments and permitted the combination of the LA dataset. This research was conducted as part of the project “Flipping the Coin: Managing Agricultural Landscapes to Tackle Multiple Global Challenges,” funded by the CGIAR Water, Land, and Ecosystems (WLE) Research Program. This research received support from the One CGIAR NEXUS Gains Initiative – Realizing Multiple Benefits Across Water, Energy, Food, and Ecosystems (Forests, Biodiversity). This research also received support from the Agroecological Transitions for Building Resilient and Inclusive Agricultural and Food Systems (TRANSITIONS) program, which is funded by the European Union through its DeSIRA initiative and managed by the International Fund for Agricultural Development, specifically the project “‘Private Sector Incentives and Investments (PSii) for climate change, resilience and environmental sustainability,” under European Commission grant agreement 2000003771. J.R. acknowledges funding support from the International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Buildings, and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) under grant 18_IV_084. We thank Silvia Araujo de Lima for help with identifying and documenting international organizations. We also thank Glenn Hyman and Olga Spellman (Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Science Writing Service) for editorial review and copyediting of this manuscript. |
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