Bertioli, D J and Clevenger, J and Godoy, I J and Stalker, H T and Wood, S and Santos, J F and Ballén-Taborda, C and Abernathy, B and Azevedo, V C R and Campbell, J and Chavarro, C and Chu, Y and Farmer, A D and Fonceka, D and Gao, D and Grimwood, J and Halpin, N and Korani, W and Michelotto, M D and Ozias-Akins, P and Vaughn, J and Youngblood, R and Moretzsohn, M C and Wright, G C and Jackson, S A and Cannon, S B and Scheffler, B E and Leal-Bertioli, S C M (2021) Legacy genetics of Arachis cardenasii in the peanut crop shows the profound benefits of international seed exchange. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118 (38). pp. 1-9. ISSN 0027-8424
![[img]](http://oar.icrisat.org/style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png) |
PDF
- Published Version
Available under License ["licenses_description_cc_attribution" not defined]. Download (2MB) |
Abstract
The narrow genetics of most crops is a fundamental vulnerability to food security. This makes wild crop relatives a strategic resource of genetic diversity that can be used for crop improvement and adaptation to new agricultural challenges. Here, we uncover the contribution of one wild species accession, Arachis cardenasii GKP 10017, to the peanut crop (Arachis hypogaea) that was initiated by complex hybridizations in the 1960s and propagated by international seed exchange. However, until this study, the global scale of the dispersal of genetic contributions from this wild accession had been obscured by the multiple germplasm transfers, breeding cycles, and unrecorded genetic mixing between lineages that had occurred over the years. By genetic analysis and pedigree research, we identified A. cardenasii–enhanced, disease-resistant cultivars in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas. These cultivars provide widespread improved food security and environmental and economic benefits. This study emphasizes the importance of wild species and collaborative networks of international expertise for crop improvement. However, it also highlights the consequences of the implementation of a patchwork of restrictive national laws and sea changes in attitudes regarding germplasm that followed in the wake of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Today, the botanical collections and multiple seed exchanges which enable benefits such as those revealed by this study are drastically reduced. The research reported here underscores the vital importance of ready access to germplasm in ensuring long-term world food security.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Genebank |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | peanut, wild species, disease resistance, food security, Convention on Biological Diversity |
| Subjects: | Mandate crops > Groundnut Others > Food Security Others > Gene Bank |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Feb 2025 08:50 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Feb 2025 08:50 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12972 |
| Official URL: | https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.21048991... |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Acknowledgement: | For their careful selection of genotypes important to African breeding programs, we sincerely thank James Asibuo and Richard Oteng-Frimpong, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Ghana; Justus Chintu, The Department of Agricultural Research Services, Malawi; Dramane Sako, Conseil Ingénierie et Recherche Appliquée, Institut d'Economie Rurale, Mali; Amade Muita, Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique; Adama Coulibaly, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger; Issa Faye, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, Senegal; Essohouna Banla, Togolese Research Institute of Agriculture, Togo; David Okello, National Semi Arid Resources Research Institute, Uganda; and Lutangu Makweti, the Zambia Agricultural Research Institute. We are grateful to the Peanut Innovation Lab and their support in the assembly and genotyping of African samples with funding through the US Agency for International Development Cooperative Agreement 7200AA 18CA00003. We greatly appreciate the work of David Kudrna at the University of Arizona for high–molecular-weight DNA extractions and Sharon Simpson of the USDA Agricultural Research Service Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit for valuable support with PacBio sequencing. We recognize the fundamental role of the USDA National Plant Germplasm System in this research and thank Shyam Tallury and Tiffany Fields for their contribution in consistently making Arachis seeds available in a timely way. We are very grateful to the Peanut Research Foundation for funding. This work would not have been possible without the valuable support of Steve Brown, David Hoisington, Bob Parker, and Howard Valentine. We are sincerely grateful for the technical support and dedication of Jenny Leverett and Mark Hopkins. We are also very grateful to Farid Waliyar for his recollections and to Shyam Nigam, David Jordan, Charles Simpson, José Valls, Guillermo Seijo, Kim and Linda Moore, and Wayne Parrott for helpful comments and DNA samples. We thank Janila Pasupuleti for her valuable help in researching pedigrees. This research was supported in part by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative plant breeding for agricultural production program Project 2018-67013-28139 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and cofunded by the National Peanut Board and by USDA Agricultural Research Service Projects 6066-21310-005-00D and 5030-21000-069-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The findings and conclusions in this publication are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent any official determination or policy of the USDA, US Government, or any of the entities which contributed funding. |
| Links: |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
Altmetric
Altmetric