Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains

Yadav, C B and Srivastava, R K and Gangashetty, P I and Yadav, R and Mur, L A J and Yadav, R S (2021) Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains. Cells (TSI), 10 (11). pp. 1-13. ISSN 2073-4409

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Abstract

As efforts are made to increase food security, millets are gaining increasing importance due to their excellent nutritional credentials. Among the millets, pearl millet is the predominant species possessing several health benefiting nutritional traits in its grain that are helpful in mitigating chronic illnesses such as type−2 diabetes and obesity. In this paper, we conducted metabolomic fingerprinting of 197 pearl millet inbred lines drawn randomly from within the world collection of pearl millet germplasm and report the extent of genetic variation for health benefitting metabolites in these genotypes. Metabolites were extracted from seeds and assessed using flow infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS). Metabolite features (m/z), whose levels significantly differed among the germplasm inbred lines, were identified by ANOVA corrected for FDR and subjected to functional pathway analysis. A number of health-benefiting metabolites linked to dietary starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism-related compounds were identified. Metabolic genome-wide association analysis (mGWAS) performed using the 396 m/z as phenotypic traits and the 76 K SNP as genotypic variants identified a total of 897 SNPs associated with health benefiting nutritional metabolite at the -log p-value ≤ 4.0. From these associations, 738 probable candidate genes were predicted to have an important role in starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism. The mGWAS analysis focused on genes involved in starch branching (α-amylase, β-amylase), vitamin-K reductase, UDP-glucuronosyl, and UDP-glucosyl transferase (UGTs), L-ascorbate oxidase, and isoflavone 2′-monooxygenase genes, which are known to be linked to increases in human health benefiting metabolites. We demonstrate how metabolomic, genomic, and statistical approaches can be utilized to pinpoint genetic variations and their functions linked to key nutritional properties in pearl millet, which in turn can be bred into millets and other cereals crops using plant breeding methods.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	pearl millet, metabolites, starch, antioxidants, vitamins, germplasm, mGWAS, marker-trait associations, candidate genes
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Millets > Pearl Millet Others > Genetics and Genomics Others > Germplasm
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	12 Feb 2025 04:16
Last Modified:	12 Feb 2025 04:16
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12950
Official URL:	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3076
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UKRI, InnovateUK, Royal Society Newton International Fellowship
Acknowledgement:	C.B.Y. acknowledge the Royal Society for providing Newton International Fellowship. Authors acknowledge seed materials received from ICRISAT via Material Transfer Agreement. R.S.Y., P.I.G. and R.Y. acknowledge financial support received via InnovateUK grant 105672.
Links:	Google Scholar

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