Ghosh, S and Bhattacharya, J and Nitnavare, R and Webster, T J (2022) Microbial remediation of metals by marine bacteria. In: Development in Wastewater Treatment Research and Processes Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics Through Bacterial and Fungal Approach. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 131-158. ISBN 978-0-323-85839-7
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Toxic metals, often present in various xenobiotics, pose a serious threat to the environment and health. Industrial effluents loaded with hazardous levels of heavy metals may lead to various pathophysiological conditions like dermatitis, nephritis, cancer, and neuronal diseases. Several physical and chemical techniques like settling, sedimentation, evaporative recovery, coagulation, precipitation, floatation, ion exchange, flocculation, chemical oxidation, reduction, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and electrodialysis are generally employed to remove heavy metals from the effluents. However, these methods are not fully efficient and generate a large amount of sludge which is difficult to dispose off. Hereby, microbial processes have gained importance for water treatment and metal removal. In this chapter, an elaborate account on the promises of marine bacteria for the efficient bioremoval of toxic metals is presented. Several marine bacteria like Marinomonas communis, Marinobacter santoriniensis, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Exiguobacterium indicum, Rhodobium marinum, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Alteromonas haloplanktis, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, etc., have been reported to remove toxic metals like arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium vanadium, and zinc. The underlying mechanisms of metal removal using marine bacteria include biosorption, bioaccumulation, and bioconversion, which have also been discussed in detail. Further, the role of genetic elements like mer operon encoding mercury reductase enzyme, bmtA gene for metallothionein, and zntA gene for ATPase efflux systems is explained. Hence, marine bacteria can be applied for developing effective strategies for wastewater treatment of toxic heavy metals.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Research Program : Genetic Gains |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | marine bacteria, Microbial remediation, wastewater treatment |
| Subjects: | Others > Water Resources |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 08 May 2024 06:29 |
| Last Modified: | 08 May 2024 06:29 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12667 |
| Acknowledgement: | UNSPECIFIED |
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