Djanaguiraman, M and Gowsiga, S and Govindaraj, M and Habyarimana, E and Senthil, A and Thavaprakaash, N and Jeyakumar, P and Kokilavani, J and Chellammal, C (2023) Impact of root architecture and transpiration rate on drought tolerance in stay-green sorghum. Crop Science. pp. 1-18. ISSN 1435-0653
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Abstract
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yield loss due to terminal drought stress is common in semiarid regions. Stay-green is a drought adaptation trait, and a deeper understanding of stay-green-associated traits is necessary for sorghum breeding. We hypothesize that the stay-green trait in sorghum may be associated with the root architecture and transpiration rate under drought stress. The objectives were to (i) identify the relationship among stay-green-associated traits, (ii) compare the root system architecture and transpiration rate of stay-green (B35 and 296B) and senescent (BTx623 and R16) genotypes under drought stress, and (iii) quantify the impacts of reproductive stage drought stress on gas exchange and grain yield of stay-green and senescent genotypes. A series of drought experiments were conducted with these genotypes. Under drought stress, the stay-green genotypes had an increased total root length in the top 30–60 cm (18%) and 60–90 cm of soil (45%) than the senescent genotypes. In contrast, under progressive soil drying, stay-green genotypes had a decreased transpiration rate (9%) than senescent genotypes by an early (∼1 h) partial closure of stomata under high vapor pressure deficit conditions. The increased seed yield (43%) in stay-green genotypes is due to an increased photosynthetic rate (30%) and individual seed size (35%) than senescent genotypes. Overall, it is concluded that stay-green phenotypes had two distinct drought adaptive mechanisms: (i) increased root length for increased soil exploration for water and (ii) an early decrease in the transpiration rate to conserve soil moisture. Identifying genomic markers for these traits would accelerate drought-tolerant sorghum breeding.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | stay-green, drought tolerance, sorghum |
| Subjects: | Others > Drought Tolerance Mandate crops > Sorghum Others > Drought |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Mar 2024 06:23 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Mar 2024 06:23 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12534 |
| Official URL: | https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10... |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Acknowledgement: | We acknowledge the funding by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru - 502 324, Telangana, India, under sub-project title: Root System Architecture and its Association with Yield under Limited Water Regimes in Diverse Sorghum Lines (2020–2021). |
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