Prevalence of groundnut dry root rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) and its pathogenic variability in Southern India

Pamala, P J and Jayalakshmi, R S and Vemana, K and Naidu, G M and Varshney, R K and Sudini, H K (2023) Prevalence of groundnut dry root rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) and its pathogenic variability in Southern India. Frontiers in Fungal Biology, 4. 01-16. ISSN 2673-6128

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Abstract

Macrophomina phaseolina is the most devastating and emerging threat to groundnut production in India. An increase in average temperature and inconsistent rainfalls resulting from changing climatic conditions are strongly believed to aggravate the disease and cause severe yield losses. The present study aims to conduct a holistic survey to assess the prevalence and incidence of dry root rot of groundnut in major groundnut growing regions of Southern India, viz., Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. Furthermore, the pathogenic variability was determined using different assays such as morphological, cultural, pathogenic, and molecular assays. Results indicate that disease incidence in surveyed locations ranged from 8.06 to 20.61%. Both temperature and rainfall played a major role in increasing the disease incidence. The pathogenic variability of M. phaseolina isolates differed significantly, based on the percent disease incidence induced on cultivars of JL-24 groundnut and K-6 groundnut. Morphological variations in terms of growth pattern, culture color, sclerotia number, and sclerotia size were observed. The molecular characterization of M. phaseolina isolates done by ITS rDNA region using ITS1 and ITS4 primers yielded approximately 600 bp PCR amplicons, sequenced and deposited in GenBank (NCBI). Molecular variability analysis using SSR primers indicated the genetic variation among the isolates collected from different states. The present investigation revealed significant variations in pathogenic variability among isolates of M. phaseolina and these may be considered important in disease management and the development of resistant cultivars against groundnut dry root rot disease.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology Research Program : Asia
CRP:	CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	disease incidence, dry root rot, groundnut, molecular variability, pathogenic variability
Subjects:	Others > Molecular Biology Mandate crops > Groundnut Others > Plant Pathology
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	28 Feb 2024 07:40
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2024 07:40
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12516
Official URL:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffunb...
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	The primary author, being a research scholar, is thankful to Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) and ICRISAT for providing a stipend.
Links:	Google Scholar

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