Root and Leaf Anatomy, Ion Accumulation, and Transcriptome Pattern under Salt Stress Conditions in Contrasting Genotypes of Sorghum bicolor

Karumanchi, A R and Sivan, P and Kummari, D and Rajasheker, G and Kumar, S A and Reddy, P S and Suravajhala, P and Podha, S (2023) Root and Leaf Anatomy, Ion Accumulation, and Transcriptome Pattern under Salt Stress Conditions in Contrasting Genotypes of Sorghum bicolor. Plants (TSI), 12 (13). pp. 1-26. ISSN 2223-7747

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Abstract

Roots from salt-susceptible ICSR-56 (SS) sorghum plants display metaxylem elements with thin cell walls and large diameter. On the other hand, roots with thick, lignified cell walls in the hypodermis and endodermis were noticed in salt-tolerant CSV-15 (ST) sorghum plants. The secondary wall thickness and number of lignified cells in the hypodermis have increased with the treatment of sodium chloride stress to the plants (STN). Lignin distribution in the secondary cell wall of sclerenchymatous cells beneath the lower epidermis was higher in ST leaves compared to the SS genotype. Casparian thickenings with homogenous lignin distribution were observed in STN roots, but inhomogeneous distribution was evident in SS seedlings treated with sodium chloride (SSN). Higher accumulation of K+ and lower Na+ levels were noticed in ST compared to the SS genotype. To identify the differentially expressed genes among SS and ST genotypes, transcriptomic analysis was carried out. Both the genotypes were exposed to 200 mM sodium chloride stress for 24 h and used for analysis. We obtained 70 and 162 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exclusive to SS and SSN and 112 and 26 DEGs exclusive to ST and STN, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis unlocked the changes in metabolic pathways in response to salt stress. qRT-PCR was performed to validate 20 DEGs in each SSN and STN sample, which confirms the transcriptomic results. These results surmise that anatomical changes and higher K+/Na+ ratios are essential for mitigating salt stress in sorghum apart from the genes that are differentially up- and downregulated in contrasting genotypes.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : Genetic Gains
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ion accumulation, root and leaf anatomy, sorghum, salt stress, transcriptome
Subjects:	Others > Genetic Engineering Others > Plant Genetics Mandate crops > Sorghum
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	27 Oct 2023 05:06
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2023 05:06
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12251
Official URL:	https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/13/2400
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	This research has not been funded by any internal or external source of funding. A.R.K. has paid his personal money for the transcriptome analysis (Eurofins Analytical Services Pvt., Ltd., Bengaluru).
Links:	Google Scholar

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