Susmitha, D and Kalaimagal, T and Senthil, R and Vetriventhan, M and Manonmani, S and Jeyakumar, P and Anita, B and Reddymalla, S and Choudhari, P L and Nimje, C A and Peerzada, O H and Arveti, V N and Azevedo, V C R and Singh, K (2022) Grain Nutrients Variability in Pigeonpea Genebank Collection and Its Potential for Promoting Nutritional Security in Dryland Ecologies. Frontiers in Plant Science (TSI), 13. pp. 1-20. ISSN 1664-462X
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Abstract
Pigeonpea, a climate-resilient legume, is nutritionally rich and of great value in Asia, Africa, and Caribbean regions to alleviate malnutrition. Assessing the grain nutrient variability in genebank collections can identify potential sources for biofortification. This study aimed to assess the genetic variability for grain nutrients in a set of 600 pigeonpea germplasms conserved at the RS Paroda Genebank, ICRISAT, India. The field trials conducted during the 2019 and 2020 rainy seasons in augmented design with four checks revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the agronomic traits and grain nutrients studied. The germplasm had a wider variation for agronomic traits like days to 50% flowering (67–166 days), days to maturity (112–213 days), 100-seed weight (1.69–22.17 g), and grain yield per plant (16.54–57.93 g). A good variability was observed for grain nutrients, namely, protein (23.35–29.50%), P (0.36–0.50%), K (1.43–1.63%), Ca (1,042.36–2,099.76 mg/kg), Mg (1,311.01–1,865.65 mg/kg), Fe (29.23–40.98 mg/kg), Zn (24.14–35.68 mg/kg), Mn (8.56–14.01 mg/kg), and Cu (7.72–14.20 mg/kg). The germplasm from the Asian region varied widely for grain nutrients, and the ones from African region had high nutrient density. The significant genotype × environment interaction for most of the grain nutrients (except for P, K, and Ca) indicated the sensitivity of nutrient accumulation to the environment. Days to 50% flowering and days to maturity had significant negative correlation with most of the grain nutrients, while grain yield per plant had significant positive correlation with protein and magnesium, which can benefit simultaneous improvement of agronomic traits with grain nutrients. Clustering of germplasms based on Ward.D2 clustering algorithm revealed the co-clustering of germplasm from different regions. The identified top 10 nutrient-specific and 15 multi-nutrient dense landraces can serve as promising sources for the development of biofortified lines in a superior agronomic background with a broad genetic base to fit the drylands. Furthermore, the large phenotypic data generated in this study can serve as a raw material for conducting SNP/haplotype-based GWAS to identify genetic variants that can accelerate genetic gains in grain nutrient improvement.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Genebank Global Research Program - Resilient Farm and Food Systems |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | pigeonpea, protein, minerals, calcium, biofortification, landraces |
| Subjects: | Others > Biofortification Mandate crops > Pigeonpea Others > Drylands Agriculture |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Apr 2023 05:07 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Apr 2023 05:07 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12066 |
| Official URL: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.... |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | CGIAR Genebank Platform coordinated by Crop Trust, CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals |
| Acknowledgement: | We are thankful to the scientific officer, Naresh Reddy, and the research technicians, Judson Babu and Ravi, working at Genebank, ICRISAT, for their technical support; also, they duly acknowledge Farm & Engineering Services, ICRISAT, for sharing the soil properties of the experimental fields. The research scholar is grateful to ICRISAT for providing a stipend for the entire study program at ICRISAT and duly acknowledges Learning Systems Unit, ICRISAT for facilitation. |
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