Identifying Anti-Oxidant Biosynthesis Genes in Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Using Genome—Wide Association Analysis

    Yadav, C B and Tokas, J and Yadav, D and Winters, A and Singh, R B and Yadav, R and Gangashetty, P I and Srivastava, R K and Yadav, R S (2021) Identifying Anti-Oxidant Biosynthesis Genes in Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Using Genome—Wide Association Analysis. Frontiers in Plant Science (TSI), 12. pp. 1-13. ISSN 1664-462X

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    Abstract

    Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R Br.] is an important staple food crop in the semi-arid tropics of Asia and Africa. It is a cereal grain that has the prospect to be used as a substitute for wheat flour for celiac patients. It is an important antioxidant food resource present with a wide range of phenolic compounds that are good sources of natural antioxidants. The present study aimed to identify the total antioxidant content of pearl millet flour and apply it to evaluate the antioxidant activity of its 222 genotypes drawn randomly from the pearl millet inbred germplasm association panel (PMiGAP), a world diversity panel of this crop. The total phenolic content (TPC) significantly correlated with DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (% inhibition), which ranged from 2.32 to 112.45% and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity ranging from 21.68 to 179.66 (mg ascorbic acid eq./100 g). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were conducted using 222 diverse accessions and 67 K SNPs distributed across all the seven pearl millet chromosomes. Approximately, 218 SNPs were found to be strongly associated with DPPH and FRAP activity at high confidence [–log (p) > 3.0–7.4]. Furthermore, flanking regions of significantly associated SNPs were explored for candidate gene harvesting. This identified 18 candidate genes related to antioxidant pathway genes (flavanone 7-O-beta-glycosyltransferase, GDSL esterase/lipase, glutathione S-transferase) residing within or near the association signal that can be selected for further functional characterization. Patterns of genetic variability and the associated genes reported in this study are useful findings, which would need further validation before their utilization in molecular breeding for high antioxidant-containing pearl millet cultivars.

    Item Type: Article
    Divisions: Global Research Program - Enabling Systems Transformation
    Research Program : West & Central Africa
    CRP: UNSPECIFIED
    Uncontrolled Keywords: Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], Antioxidant activity, Phenolics, Germplasm, Genome-wide associationstudy, Marker-trait associations, Candidate genes
    Subjects: Mandate crops > Millets > Pearl Millet
    Others > Genetics and Genomics
    Others > Germplasm
    Depositing User: Mr Arun S
    Date Deposited: 11 Aug 2021 06:43
    Last Modified: 11 Aug 2021 06:43
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11869
    Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.599649
    Projects: UNSPECIFIED
    Funders: UNSPECIFIED
    Acknowledgement: RSY would like to acknowledge funding received from the Innovate UK projects 102576 and 105672. CY acknowledges the Royal Society for providing theNewton International Fellowship. JT and DY acknowledge the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Government of India, for the financial support and the CCSHAU for granting them leave for foreign training at the Aberystwyth University under the NAHEP—Institutional Development Plan (IDP).
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