Impact of Variegated Temperature, CO2 and Relative Humidity on Survival and Development of Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua(Hubner) under Controlled Growth Chamber

    Jaba, J and Mishra, S P and Arora, N and Munghate, R (2020) Impact of Variegated Temperature, CO2 and Relative Humidity on Survival and Development of Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua(Hubner) under Controlled Growth Chamber. American Journal of Climate Change, 09 (04). pp. 357-370. ISSN 2167-9495

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    Abstract

    Climate change will have a noteworthy bearing on survival, development, and population dynamics of insect pests. Therefore, we contemplated the survival and development of beet army worm, Spodoptera exigua under different temperatures, (15˚C, 25˚C, 35˚C, and 45˚C), CO2 (350, 550, 750 ppm) and relative humidity (55%, 65%, 75% and 85%) regimes. Maximum larval and pupal weights were recorded in insects reared at 25˚C. The growth of S. exigua was faster at 35˚C (larval period 7.4 days and pupal period 4.5 days) than at lower temperatures. At 15˚C, the larval period was extended for 61.4 days and there was no adult emergence from the pupae till 90 days. The S. exigua hatchling was absent at 45˚C. The larval survival ranged from 31.6% - 57.2%, maximum survival was recorded at 25˚C, and minimum at 45˚C. The maximum (84.27%) and minimum adult emergence were recorded in insects reared at 25˚C and 35˚C respectively. Maximum fecundity (384.3 eggs/female) and egg viability (51.97%) were recorded in insects reared at 25˚C. Larval and pupal periods increased with an increase in CO2 concentration. The highest pupal weights (128.6 mg/larva) were recorded at 550 ppm. The highest larval survival (73.50%) was recorded at 550 ppm and minimum (37.00%) at 750 ppm CO2. Fecundity was the highest in insects reared at 550 ppm CO2 (657.4 eggs/female), and the lowest at 750 ppm. Maximum larval and pupal weights were recorded in insects reared at 75% relative humidity (RH). The growth rate of S. exigua was faster at 85% RH than at lower RH. The larval survival ranged between 40.0% - 58.5%. Maximum adult emergence (88.91%) was recorded in insects reared at 75% RH and minimum at 85% RH. Maximum fecundity (447.6 eggs/female) and the highest egg viability (72.95%) were recorded in insects reared at 75% and 65% RH respectively. Elevated temperatures and relative moistness will diminish the life cycle, while hoisted CO2 will drag the life expectancy. Therefore, there is a need for thorough assessment of the impact of climatic factors on the population dynamics of insect pests, crop losses, and sustainability of crop production.

    Item Type: Article
    Divisions: Research Program : Asia
    CRP: UNSPECIFIED
    Uncontrolled Keywords: Spodoptera exigua , Temperature, CO2, Relative Humidity, Climate Change
    Subjects: Others > Fall Armyworm
    Others > Climate Change
    Depositing User: Mr Arun S
    Date Deposited: 17 Dec 2020 04:35
    Last Modified: 17 Dec 2020 04:35
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11664
    Official URL: https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2020.94022
    Projects: UNSPECIFIED
    Funders: Department of Science and Technology-Climate change, Government of India
    Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the grants from the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India. The authors thank Dr. HC Sharma for the comments and suggestions in the early stage of the experiments and the entomology staff for their committed involvement in timely supply of larvae and diet preparation.
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