Genetic Variation for Striga hermonthica Resistance and Yield Among Sorghum Accessions in Nigeria

Afolayan, G and Aladele, S E and Deshpande, S P and Kolawole, A P and Nwosu, D J and Michael, C and Blay, E T and Danquah, E Y (2020) Genetic Variation for Striga hermonthica Resistance and Yield Among Sorghum Accessions in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science, 12 (7). pp. 192-202. ISSN 1916-9752

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Abstract

Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth., commonly referred to as witch weed, is a major constraint to sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) production in the Northern region of Nigeria because of high yield losses due to infestation. To identify parental lines useful in breeding for S. hermonthica resistant sorghum genotypes adapted to Nigeria, twenty-five sorghum accessions were evaluated in Nigeria across three test environments. Both phenotypic and genetic components influenced the variation observed in the sorghum accessions. The estimates for the genetic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance for the area under Striga number progress curve (ASUNPC), Striga emergence counts, yield and other agronomic traits, obtained in this study revealed that genetic gain for resistance to S. hermonthica could be realized through selection. Based on the performance of the 25 sorghum accessions SRN39, Danyana, Sepon82, and SAMSORG40 were the top four accessions found to be most resistant to S. hermonthica. Assessment of resistance was based on the low Striga emergence counts and the ASUNPC values. These accessions can be used as donor sources of S. hermonthica resistant genes for introgression into cultivars adapted to Nigeria, followed by recombination breeding for pyramiding the different resistance mechanisms.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : Genetic Gains
CRP:	CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sorghum, Weed, Plant Disease, Breeding, Genetics, Genomics
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Sorghum Others > Genetics and Genomics Others > Plant Disease
Depositing User:	Mr Arun S
Date Deposited:	04 Sep 2020 16:58
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2020 16:58
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11587
Official URL:	https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n7p192
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	This work has been undertaken as part of a Ph.D. research funded by the Alliance for Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) through the West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI). Also as part of CGIAR Research Program (CRP) on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals. The authors would like to thank the West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI) for excellent supervision. Also technical and advisory support from the CGIAR Research Program (CRP) on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals is highly appreciated. The provision of Sorghum germplasm by the National Center for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) Nigeria and International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Mali and Kenya, is gratefully acknowledged.
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