African and Asian origin pearl millet populations: Genetic diversity pattern and its association with yield heterosis

Patil, K S and Gupta, S K and Marathi, B and Danam, S and Thatikunta, R and Rathore, A and Das, R R and Dangi, K S and Yadav, O P (2020) African and Asian origin pearl millet populations: Genetic diversity pattern and its association with yield heterosis. Crop Science (TSI). pp. 1-15. ISSN 0011-183X

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Abstract

Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is a staple food crop of arid and semi-arid regions of Asia and Africa. Forty-five pearl millet populations of Asian and African origin were assessed for genetic diversity using 29 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The SSR-based clustering and structure analyses showed that Asian origin–Asian bred (As-As) and African origin–African bred (Af-Af) populations were distributed across seven clusters, indicating no strong relationship among populations with their geographical origin. Most of the African origin–Asian bred (Af-As) populations had a higher average number of alleles per locus than As-As or Af-Af populations, and the majority of them clustered separately from As-As or Af-Af populations, indicating that introgression of African origin breeding materials led to the development of new gene pools adapted to the Asian region. Fourteen populations representing seven clusters were crossed according to a diallel mating design to generate 91 population hybrids (seeds of direct and reciprocal crossesweremixed) and evaluated at three locations in 2016. All the 91 hybrids when partitioned into three groups based on genetic distance (GD) between parental combinations (low,moderate, and high), revealed no correlation between GD and panmictic midparent heterosis in any of the groups, indicating that grain yield heterosis cannot be predicted based on GD. Two population hybrids (GB 8735 × ICMP 87307 and Sudan I × Ugandi) exhibited high levels of yield heterosis over standard checks and can be further utilized using different breeding schemes to develop high-yielding pearl millet cultivars.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : Asia
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pearl Millet, Breeding
Subjects:	Others > Plant Genetics Others > Plant Breeding Mandate crops > Millets > Pearl Millet
Depositing User:	Mr Arun S
Date Deposited:	31 Aug 2020 06:44
Last Modified:	31 Aug 2020 06:45
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11578
Official URL:	https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20245
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	This research was financially supported by the CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Cereals Scholarship (CRPDC) and the S.M. Sehgal Foundation Fund (USA) for carrying out a doctoral study of K. Sudarshan Patil at ICRISAT. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. C. T. Hash (formerly Principal Scientist, ICRISAT,Niger) for helping with pedigrees of populations involved in the study. Thanks are also due to Dr. Marilyn L. Warburton (USDA-ARS Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, PO Box 9555, Mississippi State) for her valuable inputs and suggestions in planning the molecular diversity work.
Links:	Google Scholar

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