Molecular Basis of Root Nodule Symbiosis between Bradyrhizobium and ‘Crack-Entry’ Legume Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

    Sharma, V and Bhattacharyya, S and Kumar, R and Kumar, A and Ibañez, F and Wang, J and Guo, B and Sudini, H K and Gopalakrishnan, S and DasGupta, M and Varshney, R K and Pandey, M K (2020) Molecular Basis of Root Nodule Symbiosis between Bradyrhizobium and ‘Crack-Entry’ Legume Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plants, 9 (276). pp. 1-24. ISSN 2223-7747

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    Abstract

    Nitrogen is one of the essential plant nutrients and a major factor limiting crop productivity. To meet the requirements of sustainable agriculture, there is a need to maximize biological nitrogen fixation in different crop species. Legumes are able to establish root nodule symbiosis (RNS) with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria which are collectively called rhizobia. This mutualistic association is highly specific, and each rhizobia species/strain interacts with only a specific group of legumes, and vice versa. Nodulation involves multiple phases of interactions ranging from initial bacterial attachment and infection establishment to late nodule development, characterized by a complex molecular signalling between plants and rhizobia. Characteristically, legumes like groundnut display a bacterial invasion strategy popularly known as “crack-entry’’ mechanism, which is reported approximately in 25% of all legumes. This article accommodates critical discussions on the bacterial infection mode, dynamics of nodulation, components of symbiotic signalling pathway, and also the effects of abiotic stresses and phytohormone homeostasis related to the root nodule symbiosis of groundnut and Bradyrhizobium. These parameters can help to understand how groundnut RNS is programmed to recognize and establish symbiotic relationships with rhizobia, adjusting gene expression in response to various regulations. This review further attempts to emphasize the current understanding of advancements regarding RNS research in the groundnut and speculates on prospective improvement possibilities in addition to ways for expanding it to other crops towards achieving sustainable agriculture and overcoming environmental challenges.

    Item Type: Article
    Divisions: Research Program : Asia
    Research Program : Genetic Gains
    CRP: CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC)
    Uncontrolled Keywords: Legume, Groundnut, Peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Rhizobium, Nod factor, Crack-entry, Root nodule symbiosis, Phytohormones
    Subjects: Others > Pest Management
    Mandate crops > Groundnut
    Others > Genetics and Genomics
    Others > Legume Crops
    Depositing User: Mr Arun S
    Date Deposited: 08 Jul 2020 06:25
    Last Modified: 08 Jul 2020 06:25
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11526
    Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020276
    Projects: UNSPECIFIED
    Funders: National Agricultural Science Fund (NASF), ICAR, Department of Biotechnology (DBT) of Ministry of Science & Technology, India
    Acknowledgement: Thanks are due to support from the National Agricultural Science Fund (NASF) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and Department of Biotechnology (DBT) of Ministry of Science & Technology, India. The work reported in this article was undertaken as a part of the CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC). ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR.
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